If you are applying for jobs in Australia, you’ve likely come across the requirement to submit a cover letter alongside your resume. But what is a cover letter for a job, and why is it important? In this guide, we’ll break down everything you need to know, including the difference between a cover letter and a resume, cover letter structure in Australia, and how long it should be. Plus, we’ll outline the #1 mistake most applicants make – so you can avoid it! And we share some cover letter examples and a cover letter template to help you get started.

What Is a Cover Letter for a Resume?

In most cases, a cover letter is a one-page document that accompanies your resume when you apply for a job (see our section below about government cover letters, which may be longer!).

It serves as a personal introduction, providing a snapshot of who you are, why you’re interested in the role, and how your skills and experience align with the employer’s needs. Unlike a resume, which lists your work history and qualifications, a cover letter explains why you are the right candidate for the job.

Cover Letter vs Resume

Many job seekers wonder about the difference between a cover letter and a resume. Here’s a quick comparison:

Both documents work together—your resume provides the hard facts, while your cover letter adds personality and context.

How Long Should a Cover Letter Be?

In Australia, a private sector cover letter should be no longer than one page. Employers often receive dozens (if not hundreds) of applications, so keeping your cover letter concise and to the point is crucial. Aim for three to four paragraphs, ensuring you highlight key achievements and why you’re the best fit for the role without overwhelming the reader. If you are applying for a government job, however, your cover letter may need to be longer and more detailed (more on this below!).

Cover Letter Structure Australia

When writing a cover letter in Australia, follow this structure:

1. Your Contact Information: Include your name, phone number, email, and location (suburb and state are sufficient).
2. Date: Add the date you’re sending the application.
3. Employer’s Contact Information: Include the hiring manager’s name, job title, company name, and address (if known).
4. Salutation: Address the hiring manager by name (e.g., “Dear Cathy Smith”). If the name is unknown, use “Dear Hiring Manager.”
5. Opening Paragraph: State the job you’re applying for and where you found the listing. Briefly mention why you’re interested.
6. Middle Paragraph(s): Highlight your key skills and experiences relevant to the job. Use specific examples to demonstrate your achievements.
7. Closing Paragraph: Reaffirm your enthusiasm for the role, express appreciation for the employer’s time, and include a call to action (e.g., requesting an interview).
8. Sign-off: Use a professional closing such as “Sincerely” or “Kind regards,” followed by your name.

The #1 Mistake Most Applicants Make

One of the biggest mistakes job seekers make when writing a cover letter is failing to explain their genuine motivation for the role. Too often, applicants rely on generic statements such as “I am passionate about this industry” or “I have always wanted to work for your company.” While these sentiments may be true, they don’t provide employers with an authentic and compelling reason to hire you.

To stand out, you need to deeply reflect on what honestly attracts you to the role. Ask yourself:

• What excites you about this position beyond salary and job security?
• How does this role align with your long-term career goals?
• Why do you want to work for this specific company, rather than just any job in the field?

Employers want to hire motivated employees who will stick around and contribute meaningfully to their organisation. A well-articulated motivation demonstrates that you have researched the company, understand its values, and see a future there. Instead of saying, “I have strong communication skills and a passion for teamwork,” explain why you enjoy working collaboratively and how that ties into the company’s mission.

For example, instead of:

“I have always admired your company’s commitment to innovation and would love to be part of your team.”

Try:

“Your company’s focus on sustainability-driven innovation is what truly excites me. Having worked on [relevant project], I’m eager to bring my expertise in [specific skill] to contribute to your team’s forward-thinking initiatives.”

By showcasing genuine enthusiasm backed by specific examples, you create a compelling case for why you are the ideal candidate and a motivated hire who will stay and grow with the organisation.

Government vs Private Sector Cover Letters

Cover letters for government roles in Australia often follow a more structured approach compared to private sector applications. While both require a strong alignment with the job description, government cover letters typically focus on demonstrating how you meet key selection criteria.

Australian Public Service (APS)

• APS applications often require a separate document addressing key selection criteria. This may be referred to as a statement of claims, pitch or cover letter.
• The cover letter might have a specified word or page count and should highlight why you’re a strong candidate.
• Use STAR (Situation, Task, Action, Result) method to demonstrate your experience.
• Focus on government values and policies relevant to the department.

State Government

• Similar to APS, selection criteria may be integrated into the cover letter.
• Clearly reference the job’s key responsibilities and how your skills align.
• Use formal, precise language and structure.
• Demonstrate knowledge of state-specific government policies and initiatives.

Local Government

• Local council jobs may place a strong emphasis on community engagement and service delivery.
• Cover letters should highlight your ability to work within a local government framework.
• May require addressing specific council values or strategic objectives.
• A strong emphasis on collaboration and stakeholder engagement is important.

Private Sector

• More flexibility in format and tone.
• Focuses on company culture fit, achievements, and value you bring.
• More room to be persuasive and creative in your approach.
• No strict requirement to address selection criteria unless specified.

Can I Use the Same Cover Letter for Multiple Jobs?

While it may be tempting to use the same cover letter for multiple job applications, doing so can significantly reduce your chances of success. Employers can quickly spot a generic cover letter that has been copied and pasted, which can make you seem disinterested or unmotivated.

Cover Letter Template

Here’s a simple cover letter template you can use:

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
[Your Email]
[Your Phone Number]
[Date]

[Hiring Manager’s Name]
[Company Name]
[Company Address]

Dear [Hiring Manager’s Name],

I am excited to apply for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name]. With a strong background in [your relevant experience], I am eager to bring my skills to your team. My expertise in [mention key skill] and experience in [specific achievement] make me a strong candidate for this role.

Throughout my career, I have [mention a key accomplishment or skill relevant to the role]. My ability to [highlight another strength] has allowed me to contribute effectively to [previous company or project]. I am particularly drawn to this opportunity at [Company Name] because of [mention something specific about the company that appeals to you].

I would welcome the opportunity to discuss how my skills and experience align with your team’s needs. Thank you for your time and consideration—I look forward to the possibility of contributing to [Company Name].

How to Sign Off a Cover Letter

When signing off a cover letter, you should express gratitude for considering you, use a professional closing and include your name.

Express Gratitude

End your cover letter by thanking the employer for their time and consideration.

📌 Example:
“Thank you for your time and consideration. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss how my skills align with your needs.”

Use a Professional Closing

Choose an appropriate closing phrase. Common options include:

• Sincerely (most professional and widely used)
• Best regards (slightly less formal but still professional)
• Kind regards (polite and professional)
• Yours sincerely (if addressing a specific person)
• Yours faithfully (if you did not address a specific person)

Include Your Name

After the closing phrase, add your name.

📌 Example:
Best regards,
[Your Name]

Cover Letter Examples

Looking for more inspiration? Here are some cover letter examples tailored for different industries in Australia:

• Electrician Cover Letter Example
• APS Cover Letter Example
• State Government Cover Letter Example
• Mining Cover Letter Example
• Nursing Cover Letter Examples

Final Tips

• Tailor each cover letter to the job you’re applying for. Avoid using a generic letter for multiple applications.
• Check if selection criteria is required. If it’s a government role, chances are it will be!
• Use professional language but keep it engaging. A cover letter is a chance to showcase your personality while maintaining a professional tone.
• Proofread carefully. Typos and grammatical errors can make a bad impression.
• Match your cover letter to your resume. Use the same font and formatting for a polished look.

By following these guidelines, you’ll create a strong cover letter that helps you stand out in the Australian job market. Good luck with your job search! Remember, we are on hand to assist with your cover letter if you need further help. Contact us to discuss your requirements.